The Issue of Honor Killings in Palestine: Violence against women has been a longstanding issue, persisting through times of war and peace. Women have endured various forms of violence and discrimination, whether from state institutions or members of their communities.
Gender-based violence remains a global concern, with Amnesty International reporting that at least one in three women experience physical abuse, sexual assault, or other forms of violence. Honor killings, in particular, are viewed as an extreme form of violence against women and a blatant violation of the fundamental human right to life.
The United Nations estimates that approximately 5,000 women are killed by family members each year in the name of “honoring” the family. In Palestine, the rights of women to equality, freedom, and protection from discrimination and violence are still contentious issues within society.
The Concept of Honor, Shame, and Honor Killings
Understanding the concept of honor is crucial in comprehending the prevalence of honor killings in a society. Honor is a complex and abstract trait, with various interpretations. It has been viewed as a social construct and a defining characteristic of individuals.
In Arab culture, masculinity is often tied to the concept of honor, particularly in policing female behavior and sexuality. There are two forms of honor in this culture: “Sharaf,” which pertains to the dignity of individuals, families, and communities, and “Ird,” which is associated with a woman’s honor and purity. Failure to adhere to moral standards can lead to a loss of dignity and social status, often resulting in violent reactions, including the taking of a woman’s life.
Addressing Honor Killings in the Palestinian Legal System
The Palestinian legal system faces challenges in addressing honor killings due to a combination of laws from Jordan, Egypt, Britain, the Ottoman Empire, and modern Palestinian legislation. The lack of uniformity in these laws creates contradictions and loopholes, particularly in cases of honor crimes.
The Jordanian penal code, applicable in the West Bank, includes Article 340, which provides leniency for perpetrators of honor crimes. This article discriminates against women, as only men can benefit from its provisions. Additionally, Article 98 allows for reduced sentences in cases where a crime is committed in a state of rage provoked by the victim’s actions.
Efforts to combat honor killings in Palestine require a multifaceted approach. Stricter punishments and a shift in judicial philosophy are essential to deter perpetrators. Collaboration between local and international authorities, as well as community involvement, is crucial in addressing the root causes of these crimes.
In conclusion, honor killings in Palestine pose a significant threat to the social fabric and require a concerted effort to eradicate. By addressing the underlying cultural norms and implementing effective legal measures, progress can be made in preventing these heinous crimes and protecting the rights of women in Palestinian society.